Sustainable ranching
Business Model Description
Provide financing to scale Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forest Systems (ICLFS) operations
Expected Impact
Improve productivity and farmer incomes through the commercialization of a wider variety of commodities year-round in a concentrated area of land (12) Increase farming productivity and decrease environmental impact through lower land use and deforestation
How is this information gathered?
Investment opportunities with potential to contribute to sustainable development are based on country-level SDG Investor Maps.
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Country & Regions
- Brazil: Mato Grosso
- Brazil: Mato Grosso do Sul
- Brazil: Rio Grande do Sul
Sector Classification
Food and Beverage
Development need
Sustainability Development Report 2019: score of 62.1 on SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), of 60.9 on SDG 15 (Life on Land), and of 91.7 on SDG 13 (Climate Action), with 'Significant challenges remaining' subscores prevalent across indicators (1)
Policy priority
The current administration has made supporting the agriculture sector and boosting its export competitiveness a key government priority (2) (3). Increasing the grain storage capacity, irrigation projects, environmental preservation and empowering agribusinesses have been marked as priorities.
Gender inequalities and marginalization issues
For some crops, smallholder farmers constitute 70% of the food market in Brazil. A large proportion of this is family farming, which can support poverty reduction and food security. Within this outlook, women provide a significant proportion of the agricultural workforce. Approximately 30% of the total rural workforce in Brazil is female. (27)
Investment opportunities introduction
There are various credit lines and incentive programs at discounted interest rates to support investments in agriculture. The participation of foreign entrants was also facilitated through a recent policy announcement (4) (5)
Key bottlenecks introduction
Infrastructural deficiencies, especially in logistics, negatively impacting the competitiveness of freight costs, low levels of land-use efficiency and dependence on imported fertilizers (28)
Food and Agriculture
Development need
Although agribusiness represents 22% of Brazil’s GDP, 1/3 of all employment and 40% of exports (6), it is also responsible for the consumption of approx. 70% of the water in rivers, lakes and aquifers in Brazil. (7) Despite Brazil’s NDC commitment to restore and reforest 12M ha of forests by 2030, unsustainable livestock production is a key driver of deforestation (8) (9)
Meat, Poultry and Dairy
Pipeline Opportunity
Sustainable ranching
Provide financing to scale Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forest Systems (ICLFS) operations
Business Case
Market Size and Environment
47 million hectares of restorable land through ICLFS
Brazil's INDCs include increasing cattle productivity through the restoration of 15 million hectares of degraded pasture (22). Some estimates place the amount of restorable land through ICLFS at 47 million hectares (23)
Indicative Return
15% - 20%
A benchmark investor sampled is deploying this business model with a 19% return attributed to the cattle ranching component of ICLFS (24)
Investment Timeframe
Short Term (0–5 years)
Payback times can start as early as one year after the start of the operation, particularly for cash-crops such as maize or soybean (25)
Ticket Size
USD 500,000 - USD 1 million
Market Risks & Scale Obstacles
Capital - Limited Investor Interest
Business - Supply Chain Constraints
Capital - CapEx Intensive
Impact Case
Sustainable Development Need
Despite Brazil’s NDC commitment to restoring and reforesting 12M ha of forests by 2030, unsustainable cattle ranching contributed to over 8 million hectares of deforestation between 2010-2015 (10) (11)
Gender & Marginalisation
Cattle ranching is the most land-intensive farming activity in Brazil, using 75% of agricultural land. It also yields the lowest productivity per hectare for farmers (12)
Expected Development Outcome
Reduce environmental impact through lower land use and zero deforestation. 47 million ha of degraded pasture land could be recovered through ICLFS (12)
Gender & Marginalisation
Improve productivity and farmer incomes through commercialization of a wider variety of commodities year-round in a concentrated area of land (12)
Primary SDGs addressed
2.a.2 Total official flows (official development assistance plus other official flows) to the agriculture sector
2.4.1 Proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture
204.12 million constant USD (26)
Secondary SDGs addressed
Directly impacted stakeholders
People
Indirectly impacted stakeholders
Planet
Outcome Risks
Cattle ranching, even if intensive, generates greenhouse gases
ICLFS also has potential for soil erosion due to the intensive agricultural activity in a small area
Production intensity can cause a loss in biodiversity, destruction of natural habitats and rural landscapes
Gender inequality and/or marginalization risk: Long-term agricultural productivity for rural communities may be impacted due to land degradation, if this IOA is not administered sustainably
Impact Risks
Unexpected Impact Risk combined with Drop-Off Risk: If ICLFS systems become intensive/lose their sustainability component over-time, there is a risk of soil erosion and increased greenhouse emissions
Gender inequality and/or marginalization risk: Stakeholder participation risk if the experience and the expectations of local communities are not taken into account
Impact Classification
What
The outcome is likely to be positive, important and largely intended because ICLFS could improve productivity and reduce environmental impact of expansive cattle ranching
Who
Small and mid-scale farmers are relatively underserved as extensive ranching lowers productivity
Risk
While the model is proven and there are millions of hectares of land available, the lack of required skilled labor may limit breadth of impact
Impact Thesis
Improve productivity and farmer incomes through the commercialization of a wider variety of commodities year-round in a concentrated area of land (12) Increase farming productivity and decrease environmental impact through lower land use and deforestation
Enabling Environment
Policy Environment
(Brazil Intended Nationally Determined Contribution for UNFCCC ): Brazil's INDCs include increasing cattle productivity through the restoration of 15 million hectares of degraded pasture. (22)
(Brazil Intended Nationally Determined Contribution for UNFCCC ): According to the Brazilian NDC, there is a goal of converting 5 million hectares to integrated cropland-livestock-forestry systems (ICLFS) by 2030. (29)
At Davos 2019, Brazil's Minister of the Environment reiterated the country's commitment to the Paris Accord, maintaining the goal to increase ICLFS systems by 5 million hectares by 2030. (13) (14)
Financial Environment
Financial incentives: Inovagro ("Incentive for Technological Innovation in Farming Production") (16).
Financial incentives: Incentive "Low Carbon Emission Agriculture" (Plano ABC) has US$ 250 million budget with an interest rate of 5.5% (16) (17)
Regulatory Environment
(Law 12,805/2013): ICLFS is regulated by Law 12,805/2013, which aims to sustainably improve productivity, product quality and income from agricultural activities through the application of integrated crop, livestock and forest exploitation systems in areas already deforested (15)
Marketplace Participants
Private Sector
Investors such as Bradesco, John Deere, Syngenta, Ceptis, Premix and Soesp. Corporations such as Novo Campo Program and Do Campo à Mesa (18)
Non-Profit
RedeILPF, Embrapa, Cocamar (19)
Target Locations
Brazil: Mato Grosso
Brazil: Mato Grosso do Sul
Brazil: Rio Grande do Sul
References
- (1) Bertelsmann Stiftung, 2019, https://dashboards.sdgindex.org/#/BRA
- (2) RVTV, 2019, https://rvtv.com.br/2019/01/28/jair-bolsonaro-em-davos/
- (3) Estado de Minas, 2018, https://www.em.com.br/app/noticia/internacional/2018/11/09/interna_internacional,1004516/agronegocio-ganha-forca-no-governo-bolsonaro.shtml
- (4) Notícias Agrícolas, 2019, https://www.noticiasagricolas.com.br/videos/agronegocio/237445-investidores-estrangeiros-e-urbanos-poderao-financiar-producao-agricola-no-brasil.html#.XRKyQutKipo
- (5) Notícias Agrícolas, 2019, https://www.noticiasagricolas.com.br/noticias/politica-agricola/237412-entenda-o-plano-safra-1920-e-o-financiamento-estrangeiro-atraves-de-certificados-do-agro.html#.XRKzLutKipp
- (6) PwC, 2013, https://www.pwc.com.br/pt/publicacoes/setores-atividade/assets/agribusiness/2013/pwc-agribusiness-brazil-overview-13.pdf
- (7) Dalberg interviews, 2019
- (8) Forest Declaration, 2017, https://forestdeclaration.org/goal/goal-4/
- (9) Chain Reaction Research, 2018, https://chainreactionresearch.com/report/cattle-driven-deforestation-a-major-risk-to-brazilian-retailers/
- (10) Chain Reaction Research, 2018, https://chainreactionresearch.com/report/cattle-driven-deforestation-a-major-risk-to-brazilian-retailers/
- (11) Ecology and Society, 2017, https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol22/iss3/art27/
- (12) World Bank, 2017, http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/268351520343354377/pdf/123948-WP-6-3-2018-8-39-22-AriasetalAgriculturalgrowthinBrazil.pdf
- (13) Instituto de Economia Agrícola, 2019, http://www.iea.sp.gov.br/out/TerTexto.php?codTexto=14566
- (14) Cebds Sustentável, 2018, https://cebds.org/blog/acordo-de-paris-e-ndc-brasileira/#.XRVfpOhKg2y
- (15) Embrapa iLPF, 2019, https://www.embrapa.br/web/rede-ilpf/o-que-e
- (16) IPEA, 2018, http://repositorio.ipea.gov.br/bitstream/11058/7736/1/td_2296.pdf
- (17) Sustainability, 2018, https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/175817/1/26607.pdf
- (18) Sustainability, 2018, https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/175817/1/26607.pdf
- (19) Embrapa iLPF, 2019, https://www.embrapa.br/web/rede-ilpf/o-que-e
- (20) Embrapa iLPF, 2019, https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/162252/1/2017-cpamt-iclf-numbers.pdf
- (21) Abiec, http://www.abiec.com.br/download/sustainability.pdf
- (22) Sustainability, 2018, https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/175817/1/26607.pdf
- (23) World Bank, 2017, http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/268351520343354377/pdf/123948-WP-6-3-2018-8-39-22-AriasetalAgriculturalgrowthinBrazil.pdf
- (24) IPEA, 2018, http://repositorio.ipea.gov.br/bitstream/11058/7736/1/td_2296.pdf
- (25) Sustainability, 2018, https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/175817/1/26607.pdf
- (26) SDG Tracker, 2021. https://sdg-tracker.org/
- (27) Vox Lacea, 2016. https://vox.lacea.org/?q=blog/perspectives_rural_women_brazil
- (28) Brazilian-American Chamber of Commerce INC, 2018. https://brazilcham.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/agriculture-report-1.pdf
- (29) Climate Bonds Initiative and SITAWI, 2018. https://www.climatebonds.net/system/tdf/reports/brazil_agri_finance_briefing_cbi_sitawi_final_eng-web.pdf?file=1&type=node&id=35239
- (30) Embrapa, 2017. https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/162252/1/2017-cpamt-iclf-numbers.pdf